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Química de las DISOLUCIONES
Primer Curso Licenciatura en Química
Curso 2004-05, Grupos 1 y 2
Examen Final, Convocatoria de Diciembre
1.- Comente razonadamente cómo afecta a la solubilidad del oxalato de plata la adición de: (a) ácido sulfúrico; (b) oxalato sódico; (c) amoníaco; y (d) nitrato potásico.
Datos : pKi(H2C2O4) = 1.25 y 4.3; log i(Ag(NH3)2+) = 3.3 y 7.2. 1.5 puntos
2.- Demuestre que el pH de una disolución que contiene dos ácidos débiles HA (pK) y HA' (pK') en concentraciones Co y Co', respectivamente, viene dado por la expresión aproximada: pH = - 0.5 log (CoK + Co'K') 2.0 puntos
3.- Una disolución contiene 10 milimoles de ácido benzoico (pK = 4.70), 20 de cloruro amónico (pK = 9.24) y 10 de fenol (pK = 9.98) por litro. ¿Cuánto vale su pH?. ¿Cuántos milimoles de hidróxido sódico deben agregarse a 100 ml de dicha disolución para que el pH valga 9.40?. 2.5 puntos
4.- Se agitan 100 mg de BaSO4 en 500 ml de una disolución 0.080 M de EDTA, a pH 7.0. Calcule: (a) el porcentaje de BaSO4 que se disolverá; (b) los milimoles de NaOH que habría que añadir para que se disolviera por completo el BaSO4. 2.5 puntos
Datos : pKi(EDTA) = 2.0, 2.7, 6.1 y 10.2; pKs(BaSO4) = 9.9; log k(BaY2-) = 7.8. peso molecular BaSO4 = 233.34 g/mol;
5.- A una disolución que contiene, en medio ácido, Fe3+ y Fe2+ en concentraciones iguales se le agrega una base hasta que el pH vale 8.0. Calcule los potenciales inicial y final de la disolución y justifique el resultado. 1.5 puntos
Datos : pKs(Fe(OH)3) = 37.0; pKs(Fe(OH)2) = 14.7; Eº(Fe3+/Fe2+) = 0.77 V.
Alicante, 17 de Diciembre de 2004
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Enviado por: Cm Trinity Idioma: castellanoPaís: España