Verb tenses

SIMPLE

CONTINUOUS

PERFECT

PERFECT CONTIN.

PRESENT

Aff: Subj + Inf= I work

(he/she/it: Subj + Inf-S); He works

Neg: Sub + do + not + Inf

(he/she/ it: does) =He doesn´t swim

Int: Do + Subj + Inf?

Does + (he/ she / it) + Inf?

USO: Acciones habituales

“Siempre”. “Normalmente”.

Aff: Subj + be (pres)+ Inf-ing

He is playing football

Neg: S + be (pres)+ not + Inf-ing

He is not playing football

Int: Be (pres) + S + Inf-ing?

Is he playing football? USO: 1 Acción que ocurre en este momento  “Ahora mismo”; “Ultimamente”. 2. Ac. en curso = no acabada. 3. Con always: ac. habi-

tual disgustante. 4. Futuro organizado.

Aff: S + have (=´ve) /has (=´s) + Inf-ed. / 3rd column. I have worked here for a year. He has drunk.

Neg: S + have/has + not + inf-ed/3rd col.

They haven´t finished; I haven´t drunk.

Int: Have/has + S + Inf-ed. /3rd col

Has she finished?;Have you drunk? USO: 1 - Período de tiempo inacabado. 2 - Acción pasada con resultado en pre-sente. 3- Experiencias. 4- A. recientes.

Aff: S + have + been + inf-ing.

They have been working

Neg: S + have + not + been + inf -ing

They haven´t been working

Int: Have + S+ been + Inf-ing?

Have they been working?

USO: Acción no acabada en un período de tiempo que tampoco ha acabado :

I have been learning English for 6 years:

“Llevo” estudiando inglés seis años.

PAST

Aff: Subj + Inf-ed: You worked

(Irreg.: 2nd column) She swam

Neg: Subj + did + not (=didn´t) + Inf.

I didn`t work; She didn´t swim.

Int: Did + Subj + Inf:

Did I work?; Did I swim?

USO: Acciones en un punto del pasado.

Aff: Subj + be (past)+ Inf-ing

He was playing football

Neg: S + be (past)+ not + Inf-ing

They were not playing football

Int: Be (past) + S + Inf-ing?

Was he playing football?

USO: Acciones largas, inacabadas, cortadas por una acción corta.

Aff: S + had (=´d)+ Inf-ed. / 2nd column:

I had worked here for thee years before I left work.

Neg: S + had+ not + inf-ed/3rd col.

They hadn´t finished when I met them.

Int: Had + S + Inf-ed /3rd col?

Had they done their homework that day?

USO: Ac. Anteriores a una ac. pasada.

Aff: S + had + been + inf-ing.

They had been working before she left.

Neg: S + had + not + been + inf -ing

They hadn´t been speaking until he came

Int: Had + S+ been + Inf-ing?

Had he been drinking before he drove?

USO: Acciones inacabadas anteriores a un punto en el pasado.

FUTURE

Aff: Subj + will (=´ll)+ Inf :I´ll work Neg:S + will + not (= won´t)+ Inf. I won´t work Int: Will + Subj + Inf? Will you work? USO: predicciones en futuro.

GOING-TO FUTURE:

Aff: S + be (present) + going to + Inf

I´m going to buy a nice present for Pam.

Neg: S+be (present)+ not+ going to+ Inf

Int: Be (present) + S + going to + Inf. ?

Aff: Subj+ will+ be (future)+Inf-ing

He will be playing football

Neg: S + be (fut.)+ not + Inf-ing

He won´t be playing football

Int: Be (future) + S + Inf-ing? Will he be playing football? USO: 1. Ac. futuras que se dan por supuesto: Tomorrow at 10 I´ll be attending classes.2.Preguntas edu- cadas sobre el fut.: Will you be coming ?

Aff: S + will + have + Inf-ed.

Then, I will have worked here for a year.

Neg: S + will + not + have + Inf-ed.

She will not have finished by tomorrow.

Int: Will + S+ have + inf-ed ? Will you have lived here for a year next May?

USO: Acciones que habrán acabado en un punto concreto del futuro, al cumplirse el tiempo indicado.

Aff: S + will + have + been + inf-ing.

Tomorrow, he´ll have been working for a week.

Neg: S +Will+not + have + been+inf-ing

Probably, she won´t have been studying.

Int: Will + S + have + been + Inf-ing?

Will they have been fixing the car ?

USO: Ac. inacabada en período inacaba- do en un punto en el futuro.

CONDI-

TIONAL

Aff: Subj + would (= ´d) + inf:

I would eat an icecream, if I had money.

Neg: Subj + would not (=wouldn´t) + inf:

I would not eat much even if I could.

Int: Would + subj + inf?

Would you eat an icecram if you had it?

USO: 1. Acciones hipotéticas, condicionadas por una acción presente.

2. Futuro hipotético del tiempo pasado real.

Aff: Subj+ would+ be +Inf-ing

He would be lying in bed if he were ill.

Neg: S + would + not +be + Inf-ing

He wouldn´t be waiting for us if he had to.

Int: Would + S + be + Inf-ing?

Would he be keeping a diet if he wasen´t fat ?

USO: 1. Acción hipotética en curso.

Aff: S + would + have + Inf-ed. If you had met him, you´d have seen him..

Neg: S + would + not + have + Inf-ed. If he had let her,she´d have driven the car.

Int: Would + S+ have + inf-ed ? Would I have left you if you had been alone?

USO: Acción hipotética del pasado, condicionada a otra acción hipotética del pasado.