Phrasal verbs

add vtr añadir; (numbers) sumar

vi (count) sumar.

to add on

añadir/incluir algo en algo

to add something on to something

to add to

acrecentar, aumentar

to add to one's troubles = para colmo de desgracias

to add up

sumar

it doesn't add up = no tiene sentido

ask preguntar

to ask after

preguntar por, interesarse por

to ask for

preguntar por, pedir

to ask out

invitar

to ask somebody out = invitar a alguien a salir

back vtr (support) apoyar, respaldar, financiar

vtr (to bet on) apostar por

vtr (reverse) dar marcha atrás a, hacer marcha atrás

to back up

vtr apoyar to back up someone = apoyar a alguien

vtr hacer una copia de seguridad de un archivo

vi ir/dar marcha atrás

bear vtr (bore, borne) sostener, soportar

aguantar (I can't bear it any longer ya no aguanto más)

parecerse (he bears a strong resemblance to his mother = se parece mucho a su madre)

to bear in mind = tener en cuenta, tener presente

vi girar to bear right = girar a la derecha

to bear down on

apoyarse en

to bear out

confirmar

to bear up

resistir Bear up! = ¡ánimo!

tener paciencia con

blow soplar

to blow away	(wind) llevarse, arrastrarse
to blow out	vtr apagar vi apagarse
to blow over	1 (storm) calmarse 2 (argument) olvidarse
to blow up	vtr 1 (building) volar 2 (inflate) inflar 3 Phot ampliar vi 1 (explode) explotar, saltar por los aires 2 (temper) salirse de sus casillas

break vtr (general) romper, romperse

to break even	salir sin pérdidas ni beneficios after a year of operations he *broke even =* después de un año de operaciones salió sin pérdidas ni beneficios
to break away	escaparse, separarse the fastest runner *broke away* from the group = el corridor más rápido se escapó del grupo
to break down	vtr 1 (general) derribar 2 (resistance) vencer, acabar con 3 (analyse) descomponer vi 1 (aut) tener una avería 2 (lose emotional control) perder el control 3 (weep) ponerse a llorar 4 (collapse, disintegrate, fail) venirse abajo 5 (stop working) estropearse
to break in	vtr 1 (horses) domar 2 (person) iniciar vi 1 entrar por la fuerza 2 interrumpir to break in on something/ someone = interrumpir algo/ a alguien
to break into	1 (house, shop) entrar por la fuerza en, forzar, allanar 2 (box, safe) forzar 3 (begin suddenly) to bread into song/a run = echarse a cantar/correr, ponerse a cantar
to break off	vtr 1 (detach) partir 2 (negotiations, talks) romper, cortar both countries broke off talks = ambos países rompieron las conversaciones 3 (holiday) interrumpir vi 1 (become detached) partirse, desprenderse 2 (talks) interrumpirse, pararse talks broke off between the union and bosses = se interrumpieron las negociaciones entre el sindicato y la patronal.
to break out	vi 1 (fire, lightning, panic) desencadenarse 2 (war, epidemic) estallar 3 escapar de = to break out of
to break up	vtr 1 (ice) hacer pedazos 2 (car) desguazar 3 (talks) poner fin a 4 (fight, crowd) disolver vi 1 (general) romperse, hacerse pedazos 2 (relationship) deshacerse, separarse after two years the couple broke up = después de dos años se separaron 3 (meeting) levantarse, concluir the meeting broke up at 6 = la reunión concluyó a las seis. 4 (school, pupils) terminar el curso 5 (crowd) disolverse

bring vtr (general) traer

to bring about	causar, producir the reforms brought about great changes = las reformas produjeron grandes cambios.
to bring back	1 devolver, traer de vuelta; it's too late to bring the goods back = es demasiado tarde para devolver los artículos 2 recordar, traer a la memoria that song brings back my youth = esa canción me trae a la memoria mi juventud
to bring down	1 (carry from above) bajar algo bring down the suitcase from upstairs baja la maleta de arriba 2 (government) derrocar, derribar the scandal brought down the government el escándalo derrocó el gobierno
to bring forward	1 presentar = to bring forward a proposal 2 finalizar to bring forward the account = pasar a otra cuenta. 3 (make earlier) adelantar we'll have to bring forward the meeting = tendremos que adelantar la reunión
to bring in	(introduce) implantar, presentar (earn) ganar (allow entry) hacer entrar bring in the prisoner = haga entrar al prisionero (verdict) emitir the jury will bring in a verdict today = el jurado emitirá hoy su veredicto.
to bring off	lograr, conseguir she's bringing in good results = está logrando buenos resultados.
to bring out	(product) sacar, lanzar the company is bringing out a new product = la compañía está lanzando un nuevo producto to bring out the worst/best in someone = revelar lo mejor/peor de alguien, despertar lo mejor/peor de alguien.
to bring around	(revive) reanimar the doctor brought the patient round = el médico reanimó al paciente (persuade) convencer.
to bring up	(raise children) criar, educar they are bringing up four children on one salary = están criando cuatro niños con un único sueldo (introduce a subject) plantear (vomit) devolver, vomitar

brush vtr cepillar, peinarse

(touch gently) rozar

(move away with hand) quitar, apartar

to brush aside	dejar de lado
to brush off	(not accept) ignorar
to brush up on	(study again) repasar, refrescar

burn vtr (past&pp burnt or burned) quemar, quemarse

vi arder

to burn down

incendiarse

to burn out

(fire) extinguirse

(people) quemarse.

buy vtr comprar

(accept) aceptar, tragar, creer

to buy off	(someone) sobornar, comprar
to buy out	(business) adquirir la mayoría de las acciones
to buy into	(business) comprar acciones

call vi (voice) llamar, gritar

to call at	pasar por (un sitio) he called at the supermarket on the way home = camino de casa pasó por el supermercado
to call back	volver a llamar do you want me to call you back? = ¿quieres que te vuelva a llamar? hacer volver as he was leaving his boss called him back = cuando se iba, su jefe le hizo volver
to call off	desconvocar they called off the strike = desconvocaron la huelga anular she called off the meeting = anuló la reunión
to call on	visitar
to call up	1 (evoke memories etc.) evocar, traer a la memoria 2 llamar a filas

calm vtr sosegar, tranquilizar, calmar, amainar

to calm down

tranquilizar, calmar

calm down! = ¡cálmate!

care vi 1 preocuparse to care about something

2 importar I don't ~ no me importa

to care for

1 gustar, interesar

I don't care for the cinema = el cine no me interesa mucho

would you care for a drink? = ¿te apetece beber algo?

2 cuidar

catch vtr coger, agarrar, pillar

vi pillarse, engancharse; (fire) to catch fire encenderse

to catch on

1 (become popular) hacerse popular

2 (understand) entender, caer en la cuenta

to catch out

pillar a alguien en falta = to catch someone out

to catch up

1 alcanzar a alguien (reach) = to catch up with someone

2 ponerse al día con (work) = to ~ up on

carry vtr llevar, llevar encima, transportar

vi (sound) oírse

to carry away	llevarse to get carried away = exaltarse.
to carry forward	llevar a la página siguiente carried forward = suma y sigue
to carry off	(win) llevarse to carry something off well = salir airoso de algo
to carry on	vtr seguir, continuar (business) llevar, dirigir (conversation) mantener vi continuar, seguir adelante (make a fuss) hacer una escena
to carry out	(plan, work) llevar a cabo, realizar (threat) cumplir
to carry through	(accomplish) llevar a cabo

check vtr comprobar, inspeccionar

to check in	(airport) facturar;(hotel) registrarse
to check off	tachar de una lista
to check out	to check out (US investigar)
to check up	comprobar, confirmar
to check up on	vtr 1 comprobar he checked up on the dates = comprobó las fechas 2 espiar (to spy) he's always checking up on her = siempre le está espiando vi averiguar algo, informarse acerca de algo to check up on something

cheer vtr 1 (shout encouragement) aclamar, vitorear

(make hopeful) animar

to cheer on

alentar

they cheered on their team = alentaron a su equipo

to cheer up

vtr animar, alegrar

vi animarse, alegrarse

cheer up! = ¡ánimo!

chew (food, gum) masticar, mascar

(nails) morder

to chew up

mordisquear

chop vtr 1 cortar

(herbs, onions) picar

to chop and change = cambiar de idea cada dos por tres

to chop down

talar

to chop down a tree = talar un árbol

to chop off

tronchar

to chop up

1 picar muy fino

2 to chop up wood = cortar leña

clean vtr limpiar(se)

to clean out

1 limpiar a fondo

2 (leave with no money) dejar limpio/sin blanca

the thieves cleaned us out = los ladrones nos limpiaron la casa

to clean up

1 limpiar, ordenar

help me clean all this up = ayúdame a limpiar todo esto

to clean oneself up = asearse, limpiarse

2 arrasar the Conservatives cleaned up at the last elections = los conservadores arrasaron en las últimas elecciones

clear vtr aclarar

vi (sky) despejarse

to clear away	(dishes) quitar
to clear off	largarse clear off! = ¡largo!, ¡fuera de aquí!
to clear out	(room) limpiar a fondo (cupboard) vaciar
to clear up	vtr 1 (room, mess) limpiar; (tidy) ordenar 2 (mystery, disagreement) aclarar, resolver vi 1 (tidy up) recoger, ordenar 2 (illness, problem) desaparecer; (weather) despejarse

close vtr cerrar, concluir; (meeting) clausurar

vi cerrarse, concluirse, terminarse

to close down

(business) cerrarse definitivamente

to close in on

cercar/rodear a alguien

to close up

(flower) cerrarse

(wound) cicatrizarse

(stop speaking) callarse

come venir, llegar

to come about	pasar, ocurrir it came about that... = ocurrió que....
to come across	vtr encontrar por casualidad vi causar buena/mala impresión to come across well/badly
to come along	1 venir, llegar I'll ~ along about 6 = vendré sobre las 6 come along ¡venga!, ¡date prisa! 2 progresar, ir bien he's ~ing along really well in school va realmente bien en la escuela
to come apart	deshacerse
to come away	desprenderse de algo, separarse de algo the paper's coming away from the wall = el papel se desprende de la pared.
to come back	1 volver when do you ~ back? = ¿cuándo vuelves? 2 volver a ponerse de moda platform soles have come back = las plataformas se han vuelto a poner de moda
to come before	1 preceder 2 (court) comparecer ante
to come by	conseguir, adquirir how did you come by this money? = ¿cómo conseguiste este dinero?
to come down	bajar decrecer prices have come down = los precios han bajado (plane, parachute) aterrizar (rain) caer
to come down to	reducirse a it all comes down to money in the end = al final todo se reduce a dinero
to come down with	(illness) coger he's come down with mumps ha cogido paperas
to come forward	(volunteer) presentarse, ofrecerse
to come from	venir de, ser de procedencia
to come in	entrar (train) llegar
to come in for	ser objeto de críticas
to come into	1 entrar 2 (inheritance) heredar 3 to come into the world = nacer
to come off	salir bien, tener éxito come off it! = ¡venga ya!
to come on	1 progresar, ir bien 2 Come on! = ¡date prisa! / ¡ánimo!, ¡vamos! 3 comenzar to have a cold coming on = empezar a resfriarse
to come out	1 salir, aparecer; (film) estrenarse 2 salir a la luz if this comes out, I'll lose my job = si esto sale a la luz, perderé mi empleo 3 declarar to come out in favour of/against something = declararse a favor/en contra de algo to come out on strike = declararse en huelga 4 resultar, salir only one of the photos came out = sólo salió una de las fotos 5 to come out with a remark = soltar un comentario
to come over	vtr sobrevenir, pasar = what's ~ over you? ¿qué te pasa? vi causar impresión = to come over well/badly
to come round	1 (visit) venire come round and see me soon = ven a verme pronto 2 dejarse convencer = to come round to something
to come through	1 (illness) recuperarse; (adversity) sobrevivir. 2 (information, news) llegar
to come to	vtr 1 (total) ascender a, costar it comes to a thousand dollars = asciende a mil dólares 2 alcanzar to come to a decision = llegar a una decisión if it comes to that = si hace falta come to that = a propósito vi volver en sí (regain consciousness)
to come under	estar comprendido (be part of)
to come up	salir, brotar, surgir
to come up to	igualar subir, llegar hasta the water came up to my knees = el agua me llegó hasta las rodillas
to come up with	Encontrar (a solution)

count contar, calcular

valer that doesn't count = eso no vale

to count against

perjudicar

to count on

contar con alguien

to count out

1 no contar con alguien

count me out! = ¡no cuentes conmigo!

2 (bank notes) contar uno por uno

cross vtr cruzar, atravesar

vi cruzarse; santiguar(se)

to cross one's heart = jurar Cross my heart! ¡te lo juro!

(oppose) contrariar, llevar la contraria

don't cross me = no me lleves la contraria

to cross out	tachar, rayar
to cross off	tachar, rayar

cut vtr 1 cortar; (business) reducir, recortar

to cut back	(bush, plant) podar (budget, costs, output) reducir, recortar
to cut down	cortar, talar reducir: to cut down on -ing
to cut in	Interrumpir it's rude to cut in when someone is speaking = es de mala educación interrumpir a alguien cuando habla (overtake, slip past) colarse
to cut off	(disconnect) cortar they have cut off my electricity = me han cortado la luz (feelings) sentirse aislado to feel cut off from other people (without contact) quedarse incomunicado the village was cut off by the store = el pueblo se quedó incomunicado por la tormenta (apart) estar aislado in the desert he was cut off from civilisation en el desierto estaba aislado de la civilización (med) amputar
to cut out	vtr (take, remove) recortar I cut the article out of the newspaper = recorté el artículo del periódico. cortar un patrón can you help me cut out the dress from this pattern = ¿puedes ayudarme a cortar el vestido con el patrón? dejar de hacer I'm going to ~ out smoking voy a dejar de fumar cut it/that out! = ¡basta ya! (screen light) quitar the dark curtains cut out the sunlight = las cortinas quitan la luz desheredar to cut someone out of a will = desheredar a alguien vi calarse, pararse el motor the engine cut out during the race = el motor se caló durante la carrera
to cut up	cortar en pedacitos sentirse mal, estar afectado she is cut up about the divorce = está muy afectada por el divorcio

die morir

to die away	desvanecerse
to die down	amainar, disminuir, calmarse, extinguirse
to die out	extinguirse, perderse

do hacer, estudiar

to do away with	suprimir, abolir deshacerse de algo asesinar a alguien = to do away with someone
to do down	menospreciar a alguien, rebajar a alguien = to do someone down
to do for	estar perdido we are done for! = ¡estamos perdidos! llevar la casa, limpiar Mrs Jones does for us twice a week = Mrs Jones viene a limpiar dos veces a la semana
to do out	robar algo a alguien mediante engaño to do someone out of something
to do up	Atar, abrochar. (building) renovar, redecorar (wrap) envolver
to do with	necesitar I could do with a holiday = no me vendrían mal unas vacaciones tener relación that has nothing to do with it = esto no tiene nada que ver
to do without	pasar sin, prescindir I can't do without my car = no puedo prescindir de mi coche

draw vtr dibujar

vi moverse

to draw on	sacar provecho to draw on one's experience =sacar provecho de su propia experiencia
to draw out	1 alargar, prolongar 2 hacer hablar, animar a participar 3 sacar dinero del banco
to draw up	vtr redactar: she drew up the report = redactó el informe vi 1 pararse, detenerse: the car drew up outside the pub = el coche se paró fuera del pub 2 acercarse
to draw into of to draw out of	entrar/salir de
to draw away	alejarse
to draw closer	acercarse she drew closer to the fire = ella se acercó al fuego

dress vestirse, arreglarse, (med) vendar

to dress down

echar una bronca

she dressed him down for arriving late = ella le echó una bronca por haber llegado tarde

vestirse informalmente

she dressed down for the party = se vistió informalmente para la fiesta

to dress up

Arreglarse

you have to dress up to go there = te tienes que arreglar para ir

disfrazarse

drop dejar caer, abandoner

to drop by

to drop in

to drop round

vi (visit) pasar por casa

vtr (deliver, bring) dejar en casa

to drop off

vtr (leave, deliver) dejar, entregar

the mailman dropped off the package = el cartero entregó el paquete

vi 1 (fall asleep) quedarse dormido

2 bajar, disminuir

attendance has dropped off = la asistencia ha bajado

to drop out

vi dejar de asistir

he dropped out of university = ha dejado la universidad

marginarse, dejar(se), retirarse

people with many problems often drop out of society = la gente con muchos problemas suele marginarse

he dropped out of the race = se retiró de la carrera

eat comer

to eat away	corroer, desgastar
to eat into	(metal) corroer (wood) roer (savings) consumir
to eat out	comer fuera
to eat up	terminar (de comer)

fall caer, bajar

to fall about	troncharse de risa
to fall apart	desmoronarse, venirse abajo can't you see the whole house is fallling apart? = ¿no te das cuenta que toda la casa se viene abajo?
to fall back on	recurrir a he fell back on his parents to pay his debts = recurrió a sus padres para pagar sus deudas
to fall behind	quedarse atrás, quedarse a la zaga
to fall down	caerse he fell down the stairs = se cayó por la escalera
to fall for	enamorarse de he fell for her straightaway = se enamoró de ella en seguida Fig picar, tragarse the poor guy fell for the whole story = el pobre tío se tragó toda la historia
to fall off	caerse(se) de algo he fell off his bike se cayó de la bici to be as easy as fallling off a log = estar chupado, ser pan comido her earring fell off = se le cayó un pendiente
to fall out	caerse it must have fallen out of his wallet = se le debe de haber caído de la cartera
to fall out with	pelearse con alguien he fell out with his wife = se peleó con su mujer
to fall over	caerse (al suelo)
to fall through	irse al traste their plans to open a shop have fallen through = su proyectos de abrir una tienda se han ido al traste

figure vtr US suponer, imaginarse

vi 1 figurar, constar

US it/that figures = es lo que suponía

to figure out

comprender, explicarse

I can't figure it out = no me lo explico

resolver

fill rellenar

to fill in	Completar un formulario
to fill out	Completar un formulario
to fill up	Rellenar completamente un recipiente

find encontrar, hallar, sorprender

to find out

vtr descubrir, averiguar

her parents found out the truth = sus padres descubrieron la verdad

to find out about something = enterarse de algo

fix fijar, asegurar, preparer

to fix up

1 arreglar (improve, decorate)

I'd like to fix up this old house = me gustaría arreglar esta vieja casa

2 proporcionar (supply)

to fix someone up with something = proporcionar algo a alguien

I'll fix you up with something better and cheaper = te proporcionaré algo mejor y más barato

3 arreglar, solucionar (remedy, take care of, arrange)

the problem is all fixed up now = el problema ya está totalmente arreglado

4 to fix someone up with a date = emparejar

she fixed me up with her brother me emparejó con su hermano

5 (tidy) arreglar, ordenar

after the party she had to ~ up the house tras la fiesta ella tuvo que arreglar la casa

get conseguir, llegar, ganar, lograr

to get about	1 (news) difundirse 2 (person) desplazarse
to get across	1 (idea) hacer comprender 2 (cross) atravesar, cruzar
to get ahead	progresar, adelantar
to get along	1 (manage) arreglárselas 2 (leave) marcharse we must be getting along now = tenemos que marcharnos ahora 3 to get along with someone = llevarse bien con alguien
to get around	vtr evitar, sortear (problem, obstacle) engatusar(person) vi 1 (news) difundirse 2 (person) desplazarse, viajar 3 hacer ocasionalmente to get around to doing something = tener tiempo para hacer algo, llegar a hacer algo
to get at	1 (reach) alcanzar, llegar 2 (suggest) insinuar what are you getting at? = ¿qué insinúas? 3 (criticise) criticar to get at someone = meterse con alguien he's always getting at me siempre se mete conmigo
to get away	1 (escape) escaparse to get away from it all = alejarse del mundanal ruido 2 (manage to leave) salir, irse I'll try and get away before three = intentaré salir antes de las tres
to get away with	salir impune, salirse con la suya (go unpunished) you won't get away with it! = ¡no te saldrás con la tuya! escaparse, librarse (be let off with) he got away with a warning = se libró con sólo una amonestación poder hacer algo (carry off successfully) I can't get away with wearing a miniskirt with my legs = no puedo llevar minifalda con las piernas que tengo
to get back	vtr recuperar (regain money, strength) vi 1 volver, regresar (return) 2 echarse atrás (move backwards)
to get back to	1 contestarle a alguien, llamar a alguien más tarde 2 volver a hacer to get back to sleep = volver a dormirse
to get behind	atrasarse con algo
to get by	apañárselas, defenderse (manage) he can get by in German = sabe defenderse en alemán
to get down	1 deprimir (depress) 2 anotar, tomar nota de (write down) did you get that down? = ¿has anotado eso?
to get down to	ponerse a algo to get down to something to get down +ing something let's get down to business = pongámonos a trabajar
to get in	1 llegar (reach a place) the plane gets in at six = el avión llega a las seis 2 conseguir entrar (manage to enter) 3 (pol) ser elegido (be elected) the conservatives got in at the last elections los conservadores = fueron elegidos en las últimas elecciones
to get into	1 subir (a un coche) 2 meterse (start activity) to get into bad habits = adquirir malas costumbres to get into a panic = ponerse nervioso to get into trouble = meterse en un lí
to get off	vtr 1 (bus, train) bajarse 2 (remove) quitar 3 (leave work) salir del trabajo vi 1 (escape punishment) escaparse to get off lightly = salir bien librado 2 (bus, train) bajarse are you getting off here? = ¿te bajas aquí? 3 (depart) salir, irse
to get off with	Ligar

to get on	vtr (bus, train) subirse vi 1 (bus, train) subirse llevarse bien they get on well with each other = se llevan bien hacer progresos she's getting on at work = hace progresos en el trabajo 4 tener éxito 5 seguir con algo = to get on with something 6 (age) to get on for rondar he's getting on for fifty = ronda los cincuenta 7 (time) to get on for = ser casi it's getting on for two o'clock = son casi las dos
to get onto	ponerse en contacto con alguien
to get out	vtr sacar, quitar he got his keys out of his pocket = sacó las llaves del bolsillo vi 1 (train, car) bajarse 2 (news) difundirse, hacerse público 3 (leave) salir
to get out of	1 to get out of something to get out of +ing librarse de algo/ + inf algo 2 (escape) escapar
to get over	1 (recover from) recuperarse you'll get over the death of your father = te recuperarás de la muerte de tu padre 2 (overcome) superar 3 (communicate) hacer comprender, comunicar
to get over with	acabar con algo, quitarse algo de encima I want to get the exam over with soon = quiero quitarme el examen de encima
to get round	soslayar algo, esquivar algo don't try to get round the issue = no intentes soslayar la cuestión

to get through	vtr 1 (use) consumer we get through three bottles of milk a day = consumimos tres botellas de leche diarias 2 (complete) terminar 3 (exam) aprobar. 4 (difficulties) sobrevivir. vi 1 (make understand) hacerse entender 2 to get through to someone = conseguir comunicar con alguien
to get to	fastidiar, molestar
to get together	vtr 1 (people) juntar,(assemble) montar 2 (money) recoger, reunir vi (meet) juntarse, reunirse
to get up	vtr 1 levantar, organizar 2 to get someone up = despertar a alguien vi levantarse
to get up to	tramar, montar

give vtr dar, lanzar

vi ceder, romperse

to give away	1 regular 2 revelar, descubrir 3 traicionar, denunciar
to give back	(return) devolver
to give in	vtr (hand in) entregar vi 1 (accept defeat) darse por vencido, rendirse 2 (yield) ceder.
to give off	(smell, heat, gas) emitir, despedir
to give out	vtr repartir, distribuir vi (machine) fallar
to give up	vtr 1 (renounce) abandoner he gave up his seat to the old lady = cedió su asiento a la anciana 2 to give up +ing / to give up + inf = dejar de he gave up smoking = dejó de fumar 3 (surrender) to give oneself up = rendirse, entregarse vi darse por vencido, rendirse don't give up! = ¡no te desanimes!

go ir, caber, funcionar

to go about	1 (routine) hacer, continuar to go about one's business =ocuparse de sus asuntos 2 abordar, emprender how do you intend to go about it? = ¿cómo piensas abordarlo?
to go against	ir en contra
to go ahead	1 (take place) celebrarse 2 seguir adelante con algo = to go ahead with something go ahead! ¡adelante!
to go along	1 (progress) progresar as you go along... = a medida que vayas haciendo.... 2 (street) pasar
to go along with	estar de acuerdo con
to go around	1 (rumour) correr por ahí 2 (associate) to go around with someone = salir con alguien 3 (suffice) there's enough to go around = hay para todos
to go away	1 (leave) marcharse 2 (disappear) desaparecer
to go back	volver
to go back on	no cumplir, faltar a (una promesa)
to go back to	1 (resume) seguir, volver a hacer he went back to sleep = volvió a dormir 2 (origins in history) remontarse the building goes back to the 15th century = el edificio se remonta al siglo XV
to go by	vtr guiarse por algo, atenerse a algo, seguir to go by something to go by the book = seguir las reglas to go by appearances =juzgar por las apariencias vi (time) pasar
to go down	vtr bajar algo vi 1 (descend) bajar 2 (ship) hundirse 3 (sun) ponerse 4 (tyre) deshincharse 5 (be accepted) to go down well/badly = ser bien/mal acogido
to go down with	coger (una enfermedad)
to go for	1 atacar, lanzarse sobre 2 (be true) valer para algo 3 (be attracted to) gustar I don't much go for Chinese food = la comida china no me gusta mucho 4 ir a por algo go for it! = ¡a por ello! 5 (decide) decidirse por algo/alguien
to go in	entrar
to go in for	1 (take part) presentarse 2 (hobby, career) dedicarse (like) gustar, ir I don't go in for that sort of thing = ese tipo de cosas no me van
to go into	1 (start working) dedicarse 2 (investigate) examinar, investigar.
to go off	vtr perder el gusto I've gone off her = ya no me gusta ella vi 1 (bomb) estallar, (gun) dispararse 2 (alarm) sonar 3 (lights, heating) apagarse 4 (food, drink) pasarse, estropearse; (milk) cortarse 5 (event) to go off well/badly = salir bien/mal
to go off with	1 to go off with someone = escaparse con alguien 2 to go off with something = llevarse algo.
to go on	1 continuar =to go on doing something to go on and on about something = hablar constantemente de algo 2 (heating, light) encenderse 3 (time) pasar, transcurrir 4 ocurrir, pasar: what's going on? = ¿qué pasa? 5 proceder, to go on to do something = pasar a hacer algo 6 Go on! = ¡venga!
to go on at	dar la lata stop going on at me! = ¡deja de darme la lata!
to go out	1 salir we're going out for a meal tonight = esta noche salimos a cenar 2 (fashion) to go out of fashion = pasar de moda
to go out with	salir con alguien I'm going out with Peter again = he vuelto a salir con Peter
to go over	examinar, repasar
to go round	girar, dar vueltas to go round to someone's house = pasar por casa de alguien
to go through	1 examinar, registrar the thieves went through the whole house = los ladrones registraron toda la casa 2 (rehearse) ensayar 3 (suffer) pasar por, experimentar 4 (spend) gastar you can't have gone through 500 pounds in one day! = ¡no puedes haber gastado 500 libras en un día!
to go through with	llevar a cabo
to go towards	contribuir a this money will go towards the cost of a new motorbike = este dinero contribuirá a pagar una moto nueva
to go under	(business, ship) hundirse
to go up	1 subir 2 levantarse, construirse 3 to go up in flames = arder, quemarse
to go without	prescindir, pasarse sin algo/alguien he can't go without his coffee = no puede prescindir de su café that goes without saying = eso es evidente

grow vtr (grew, grown) cultivar, dejarse crecer (hair, nails)

vi crecer

to grow on

llegar a gustar, gustar cada vez más

the idea is growing on me = me gusta la idea cada vez más

to grow out of

hacerse demasiado grande para algo

she has grown out of her clothes = la ropa se le ha quedado pequeña

to grow up

crecer, hacerse mayor

(fig)comportarse como una persona adulta

grow up! = ¡no seas niño!

hand dar, entregar

to hand down	dejar en herencia, transmitir stories handed down from generation to generation = historias transmitidas de generación en generación
to hand in	entregar all work must be handed in by next Monday = todos los trabajos se tienen que entregar antes del próximo lunes
to hand on	pasar when you've read the magazine can you hand it on to John? = cuando hayas leído la revista, ¿puedes pasarla a Juan?
to hand out	repartir, distribuir they hand out food for the poor every Christmas = reparten comida para los pobres cada Navidad
to hand over	entregar hehanded over his car keys = entregó las llaves de su coche

hang vtr (hung,hung) colgar, pender

vtr (hanged) ahorcar

to hang about	1 perder el tiempo, pasar el rato sin hacer nada I can't stand just hanging about / around = no soporto perder el tiempo sin hacer nada 2 hang about / around ! = ¡espera!
to hang around
to hang on	1 (hold tightly) agarrarse 2 (wait) esperar 3 (resist) aguantar
to hang out	vtr (washing etc) colgar vi (frequent) frecuentar she hangs out in that café = frecuenta ese café
to hang up	to hang up on someone = colgar el teléfono to be hung up on somebody = estar obsesionado por alguien

have tener

to have on

1 (be wearing) llevar puesto

2 (have an arrangement) tener planeado, tener que hacer

I have nothing on this afternoon = esta tarde no tengo nada planeado

I have a lot on this week = esta semana tengo que hacer muchas cosas

3 to have someone on = tomarle el pelo a alguien

to have out

1 (remove) extirpar

I had my tonsils out = me extirparon las amígdalas

2 to have it out with someone = enfrentarse a alguien

hear oir

to hear out

escuchar las explicaciones de alguien

to hear somebody out

to hear from

recibir comunicación de alguien

to hear of

aprender accidentalmente

hit golpear

to hit on	descubir accidentalmente
to hit back	vengarse

hold vtr (held, held) soportar, aguantar, sostener

vi resistir, aguantar; continuar

to hold back	(emotions) contener, reprimir he couldn't holk back his tears = no podía contener las lágrimas (with old information) ocultar
to hold down	(keep a job) conservar, desempeñar (person) sujetar
to hold off	vtr mantener a distancia he couldn't hold off the crowd = era incapaz de mantener a distancia a la muchedumbre vi (resist, refrain from) refrenarse, retenerse
to hold on	agarrarse bien / fuerte esperar can you hold on until the next break? = ¿puedes esperar hasta la próxima pausa? (telephone) Hold on! = ¡no cuelgues!
to hold out	vtr (arms, hand) ofrecer, extender, tender vi (last) durar to hold out against someone/something = resistir contra alguien/algo the soldiers held out for one week = los soldados resistieron durante una semana
to hold up	(rob a person, bank) atracar, as altar (delay) retrasar, atrasar the flight was held up for two hours el vuelo se retrasó dos horas (raise) levantar, alzar hold up your right hand = levanta la mano derecha (support) apoyar, sostener

keep (kept, kept) mantener

to keep at	perseverar keep at it! = ¡no te desanimes!
to keep away	mantener(se) a distancia
to keep back	1 (hold back) contener 2 (information) ocultar 3 (money) retener
to keep down	1 (prices) mantener bajo 2 (oppress) oprimir
to keep off	no tocar keep off the grass = prohibido pisar la hierba
to keep on	1 no dejar de = to keep on +ing 2 to keep on about something = no parar de hablar de algo
to keep out	vtr no dejar pasar vi no pasar keep out = prohibida la entrada
to keep to	ceñirse a algo
to keep up	vtr mantener keep it up! = ¡sigue así! vi mantener el ritmo to keep up with the times = estar al día

kick dar una patada

to kick about

andar por ahí

to kick off

1 (football) sacar

2 Fig (meeting) empezar

to kick out

echar a patadas

look mirar

to look after	1 (care for) cuidar 2 (supervise) vigilar
to look ahead	mirar al futuro
to look at	1 (examine) mirar 2 (study) examiner 3 (read) leer 4 (consider) enfocar it depends how you look at it = depende de cómo se enfoque la cosa
to look down on	despreciar
to look for	buscar
to look forward to	esperar con ilusión
to look into	(problem) examinar, estudiar
to look on	observar, mirar
to look out	tener cuidado look out! ¡cuidado!
to look out for	estar alerta to look out for oneself = velar por los propios intereses
to look round	vi volver la cabeza vtr (a shop) echar un vistazo (a town, museum) visitar
to look to	(depend on) contar con (turn to) recurrir a
to look up	vtr 1 (in a book) buscar 2 (visit) ir a visitar vi 1 (raise the eyes) alzar la vista 2 (improve) mejorar
to look up	respetar

make hacer, preparar, fabricar

to make for	vtr (contribute to) contribuir vi (move towards) dirigirse hacia/a
to make of	1 (have opinion of) opinar I don't know what to make of my boss = no sé qué pensar de mi jefe 2 (understand) entender
to make off	vi (escape) darse a la fuga they made off in a stolen car = se dieron a la fuga en un coche robado
to make off with	robar, llevarse they made off with $6 million = se llevaron 6 millones de dólares
to make out	1 entender I just can't make him out = no le entiendo 2 (see) distinguir; (hear) oír, entender 3 (form) rellenar; (cheque) extender; (list) hacer 4 (claim) pretender ser, hacerse pasar por he made out he was a millionaire = se hizo pasar por millonario
to make up	vtr 1 (apply cosmetics) maquillar 2 (constitute) componer, constituir 3 (invent) inventar 4 (complete an amount) completer 5 (bed, prescription) preparar vi reconciliarse to make (it) up with someone = hacer las paces con alguien
to make up for	(loss, damage) compensar (time) recuperar
to make up to	compensar to make it up to someone = compensar a alguien por algo

pass pasar, adelantar ; ocurrir

to pass away	fallecer
to pass by	(events) pasar de largo (people) pasar por alto
to pass down/on	pasar my sister passed me down all her clothes = mi hermana me pasó toda su ropa
to pass for	parecer, pasar por I passed for 25 = pasé por tener 25 años
to pass through	atravesar, pasar por we passed through France = pasamos por Francia
to pass out	desmayarse
to pass over	cruzar; (in airplane) volar we passed over the Indian ocean = volamos por el océano Índico

pick elegir, escoger

to pick on

meterse con: my sister is always ~ing on me mi hermana se mete siempre conmigo

to pick out

escoger

pick one out and I'll buy it for you = escoge uno y te lo compraré

(recognise) reconocer

to pick up

vtr 1 (movement) levantar, recoger

she picked up a coin from the street = recogió una moneda de la calle

to pick something/someone up = ir a buscar algo/a alguien

I'll pick it up after work = vendré a buscarlo después del trabajo

2 to pick up speed = acelerar

3 (learn) aprender

4 (radio, tv) captar

5 (sexually) ligar

she picked him up in a bar ligó con él en un bar

vi 1 (improve) mejorar

2 (begin again) proseguir, seguir

point vtr apuntar, indicar

vi señalar (con el dedo), indicar

to point out

señalar, indicar

she pointed out where I went wrong = me indicó dónde me había equivocado

put (put, put) poner, ingresar, someter

to put across	transmitir, comunicar
to put aside	dejar a un lado
to put away	1 (store) guarder put away your toys! = ¡guarda tus juguetes! 2 (save money) ahorrar 3 (car) poner en el garaje
to put back	1 volver a poner en su sitio put the book back when you've finished! = ¡vuelve a poner el libro en su sitio cuando hayas acabado! 2 (clock) retrasar 3 (postpone) aplazar
to put down	1 bajar put your head down! = ¡baja la cabeza! 2 (object) dejar put the book down on the table! = ¡deja el libro encima de la mesa! 3 (animal) sacrificar 4 to put one's name down = apuntar su nombre
to put forward	1 (candidate) proponer 2 (proposal) hacer 3 (clock) adelantar
to put in	1 meter 2 demandar to put in a claim presentar = una demanda 3 to put in a good word for someone = hablar a favor de alguien
to put off	1 (meeting) aplazar 2 (person) disuadir 3 (light, radio, t.v.) apagar 4 (revolt) dar asco
to put on	1 ponerse put on your coat! = ¡ponte el abrigo! 2 (record, cassette) poner shall I put on a CD? ¿quieres que ponga un compact? 3 encender 4 (pretend) fingir, afectar he puts on a posh accent = finge un acento pijo 5 to put on weight = engordar he's put on a lot of weight ha engordado mucho
to put out	vtr 1 (fire) apagar, extinguir they took two days to ~ out the fire = tardaron dos días en apagar el fuego 2 (hold out) tender he put out his hand = tendió la mano 3 (tongue) sacar 4 (publish, issue) sacar, editar vi (of person) molestar, ofender
to put through	1 to put somebody through suffering = hacer sufrir a alguien 2 (phone call) to put somebody through to someone = poner a alguien con alguien can you put me through to Mr Jones, please? = ¿me puede poner con el Sr Jones, por favor?
to put together	montar, juntar
to put up	1 (raise) levanter put up the window, it's cold! = ¡levanta la ventana que hace frío! 2 (hang) colgar; (post up) fijar 3 (building) construer 4 to put somebody up = alojar a alguien can you put my cousin up? = ¿puedes alojar a mi primo? 5 to put somebody up to something = incitar a alguien para que haga algo 6 (in armed robbery) put them up! ¡manos arriba! 7 to put up with somebody/something = soportar alguien/algo I can't put up with it any longer = ya no aguanto más
to put upon	to put upon somebody = importunar a alguien

run correr, huir, circular

to run about	correr por todas partes, no parar he's always running about = es que no para
to run across	to run across somebody = tropezar con alguien, encontrarse con alguien por casualidad
to run after	to run after somebody = perseguir a alguien, ir detrás de alguien
to run away	huir, fugarse he ran away from home = se fugó de casa
to run down	arrollar, atropellar the car ran him down = el coche le atropelló (fig) criticar he's always run ning people down = siempre critica a la gente (power) acabarse the batteries are run ning down = se están acabando las pilas
to run in	(car) rodar, hacer funcionar (arrest) detener
to run into	(meet) to run into somebody = tropezar con alguien, encontrarse con alguien por casualidad chocar contra he ran into the wall = chocó contra la pared
to run off with	fugarse con he ran off with the jewels = se fugó con las joyas
to run out of	Acabarse we've run out of sugar = se nos ha acabado el azúcar
to run over	Atropellar they ran him over = le atropellaron
to run through	leer por encima we've run through the text = hemos leído el texto por encima
to run to	(prices, costs) ascender a the budget runs to millions of dollars = el presupuesto asciende a millones de dólares
to run up	to run up debts = endeudarse

show mostrar, indicar

to show off

presumir, chulear

to show up

vtr poner en evidencia, revelar

vi (turn up) aparecer

he showed up at 10:00 = apareció a las 10

shut cerrar(se)

to shut away	guardar bajo llave, encerrar
to shut down	vtr (factory) cerrar (machinery) apagar, desconectar vi (factory) cerrarse
to shut off	1 (gas, etc.) cerrar, cortar (machine) apagar, desconectar 2 (isolate) aislar, apartar 3 (block street, etc.) cortar, bloquear
to shut out	(leave outside) dejar fuera you've shut the poor dog out = has dejado fuera al pobre perro
to shut up	vtr 1 cerrar to shut up shop = cerrar la tienda 2 (silence) callar, hacer callar once he starts you can't shut him up = una vez que empieza no puedes hacerle callar vi callarse shut up! = ¡cállate!

take coger, llevar

to take after	parecerse a alguien he takes after his father = se parece a su padre
to take away	vtr 1 llevarse take it away! = ¡llévatelo! 2 (remove) quitar they took away all his possessions = le quitaron todos sus bienes vi llevar food to take away = platos para llevar
to take apart	Desmontar they had to take apart the engine = tuvieron que desmontar el motor
to take back	1 (return) devolver why don't you take it back to him? = ¿por qué no se lo devuelves? 2 (person) acompañar can you take me back home? = ¿me puedes acompañar a casa? 3 to take back what one has said =desdecirse the minister had to take take what he had said = el ministro tuvo que desdecirse.
to take down	1 bajar he took down the book from the shelf = bajó el libro del estante 2 (notes) apuntar did you take down his address? = ¿apuntaste su dirección?
to take in	1 alojar he takes in guests = aloja huéspedes 2 (dress) menguar, achicar 3 to take somebody in = engañar a alguien
to take into	1 conducir a they took him into the courtroom = lo condujeron a la sala del tribunal 2 to takesomething into account = tener algo en cuenta
to take off	1 quitarse take off your coat! = ¡quítate el abrigo! 2 quitar take your feet of the table! = ¡quita los pies de la mesa!

to take on	1 asumir he took on too much work asumió demasiado trabajo 2 (worker) contratar they've taken on new workers = han contratado trabajadores nuevos
to take out	sacar, sacarse take out your glasses! = ¡sácate las gafas! he took his savings out of the bank = sacó sus ahorros del banco
to take over	1 encargarse de algo, hacerse cargo de algo he took over the business = se hizo cargo de la empresa 2 to take over from someone = sustituir a alguien he took over from his old boss = sustituyó a su antiguo jefe
to take round	llevar a casa de alguien he took me round to my mother's = me llevó a casa de mi madre
to take to	1 llevar a, acompañar a he took her to the doctor's = la acompañó a la consulta del médico 2 to take to somebody = avenirse con alguien they took to each other straight away = se avinieron en seguida
to take up	1 subir take him up his tray! = ¡súbale su bandeja! 2 aficionarse, dedicarse he's just taken up golf = se dedica al golf desde hace poco

tear (tore, torn) rasgar, desgarrar

to tear along	ir a toda pastilla
to tear away	to tear oneself away from = ser/resultar imposible a uno dejar de hacer algo he can't tear himself away from the televisión = le es/resulta imposible dejar de mirar la tele
to tear down	derribar
to tear in	entrar precipitadamente
to tear off	Arrancar he tore off a sheet of paper = arrancó una hoja de papel
to tear up	to tear something up = hacer algo pedazos

think pensar, considerer, reflexionar

to think out

elaborar, concebir

he thought out a project = elaboró un proyecto

to think up

inventar, idear

she thought up a fund-raising scheme = ideó un plan para recaudar fondos

try intentar, ensayar, probar

to try on

probarse algo

can I try it on? = ¿me lo puedo probar?

to try it on with

to try it on with somebody = intentar engañar a alguien

don't try it on with me! = ¡ni se te ocurra intentar engañarme!

to try out

to try something out = poner algo a prueba

they're try ing out the new Ford = están poniendo a prueba el nuevo Ford

turn hacer girar, volver, torcer

to turn around	vtr dar la vuelta a algo vi dar la vuelta
to turn away	vtr to turn someone away rechazar a alguien vi alejarse
to turn back	volverse
to turn down	1 to turn somebody down rechazar a alguien they turned him down for the job = le rechazaron para el puesto de trabajo 2 (radio, tv) bajar
to turn in	irse a la cama I'm going to turn in = me voy a la cama
to turn into	convertirse en, transformarse en
to turn off	1 (in vehicle) torcer turn off on the left! = ¡tuerza a la izquierda! 2 (switch off) apagar 3 to turn somebody off = dar asco a alguien
to turn on	1 (switch on) encender 2 to turn someone on excitar a alguien
to turn out	to turn out to be = llegar a ser, acabar siendo the meeting turned out to be a failure = la reunión acabó siendo un fracaso
to turn over	1 dar una vuelta a algo he turned over the omelette = dio una vuelta a la tortilla 2 volcar: he turned over his car = volcó su coche 3 (in bed) volverse
to turn round	vtr dar la vuelta a algo vi dar la vuelta
to turn up	vtr (radio, tv) subir vi (person) presentarse he turned up at five o'clock = se presentó a las cinco (object) aparecer his wallet turned up = apareció su billetero

wait esperar

to wait for

to wait for somebody = esperar

to wait on

servir

he waited on the royal family = sirvió a la familia real

to wait on somebody hand and foot = ser el esclavo de alguien

to wait up for

quedarse despierto esperando a alguien

he waited up for his wife = se quedó despierto esperando a su mujer

wash lavar

to wash away

quitar

this product washes away stains = este producto quita las manchas

to wash out

(rinse) enjuagar

you have to wait out these shirts = tienes que enjuagar estas camisas

to wash up

vtr (dishes) fregar, lavar

you haven't washed up these spoons = no has fregado estas cucharas

vi fregar los platos

shall we wash up? = ¿fregamos los platos?

walk andar, caminar, pasear

to walk back

volver a pie

to walk in

entrar

he walked in without knocking = entró sin llamar

to walk out

salir abruptamente

he walked out of the meeting without saying anything = salió de la reunión sin decir nada

wear vtr llevar puesto

vi desgastarse

to wear away

desgastar, erosionar

the rain has worn away the cliffs = la lluvia ha erosionado los acantilados

to wear out

1 gastar

she had worn out her shoes = había gastado sus zapatos

2 to wear oneself out = agotarse

she had worn herself out = se había agotado

to wear off

Desaparecer

the pain still hasn't worn off = el dolor no ha desaparecido todavía

work trabajar

to work on	trabajar en algo he's working on her biography = está trabajando en su biografía
to work out	resolver you'll have to work it out yourself = lo tendrás que resolver tú elaborar he worked out a plan = elaboró un plan
to work up	to work oneself up into a state = ponerse histérico
to work away	seguir trabajando he worked away until the early morning = siguió trabajando hasta la madrugada
to work out	tener éxito (in gym) hacer ejercicios

write escribir

to write down	apuntar algo did you write down his address? = ¿has apuntado su dirección?
to write off	amortizar
to write out	escribir, copiar write out the text on page 6 = copiad el texto en la página 6
to write up	redactar he still hasn't written up the report = todavía no ha redactado el informe
to write back	contestar he wrote back the following day = contestó al día siguiente
to write in	(to tv/radio programme or magazine) escribir thousands of people have written in to complain = miles de personas nos han escrito para quejarse

Phrasal verbs

Gramática inglesa. Listado de verbos ingleses. Conjunción verbal. Significado. Perífrasis verbal

Contiene ejemplos